Most children will catch chickenpox before they are 10 years old. It is a common and usually mild illness caused by a virus called Varicella zoster.

Chickenpox Overview

Chickenpox is a highly infectious but usually mild, disease caused by the herpes group of viruses. The virus is spread either by direct contact with the rash or by droplets expelled into the air by coughing or sneezing.

Chickenpox Blisters

Chickenpox occurs worldwide and is seen throughout the year in areas with temperate climate, peaking during the months of March through May. 90% of cases are seen in children aged 14 years and younger.

Chickenpox Symptoms

Chickenpox is characterized by a red, itchy rash, which blisters and then crusts over within 2 weeks.  A mild flu-like illness is usually present before the appearance of the rash, and may cause fever, body ache, headache, nausea and loss of appetite. (See detailed symptoms section).

Complications from chickenpox are rare in children. The most common complication is bacterial infection which cn cause the spots to become more red and inflamed. Complication in adults and those with weakened immune system are more common and include pneumonia and liver inflammation.

Chickenpox Treatment

No specific medical treatment is usually required for chickenpox. Painkillers can help to reduce pain and fever and antihistamines or calamine lotion may help relieve itching. Antiviral drugs may occasionally be prescribed for people who have a high risk of complications from chickenpox. These reduce the duration of the infection and minimize the risk of complications. (See detailed treatment section)

If you child has chickenpox they should stay away from school until the last blister has crusted over. He or she should also avoid contact with others who might be at a high risk of infection, such as newborn babies and people with a weak immune system.